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The Battle of Chattanooga (First)
June 7-8, 1862 in Chattanooga, Tennessee |
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Union Forces Commanded by
Brig. Gen. James Negley |
| Strength |
Killed & Wounded |
Missing/Captured |
| ±
? |
23 |
? |
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Confederate Forces Commanded by
Maj. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith |
| Strength |
Killed & Wounded |
Missing/Captured |
| ±
? |
65 |
? |
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Conclusion: Union Victory
Confederate Heartland Offensive |
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In late Spring of 1862, the Confederacy split its forces in Tennessee into several small commands in an attempt to complicate Union operations. The Union had to redistribute its forces to counter the Confederate command structure changes. Maj. Gen. Ormsby Mitchel received orders to go to Huntsville, Alabama, with his division to repair railroads in the area. Soon, he occupied more than 100 miles along the Nashville & Chattanooga and Memphis & Charleston railroads. In May, Mitchel and his men sparred with Maj. Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith's men.
On May 29, after Mitchel received command of all Union troops between Nashville and Huntsville, he ordered Brig. Gen. James Negley with a small division to lead an expedition to capture Chattanooga.
On June 7, this force arrived before Chattanooga. Negley ordered the 79th Pennsylvania Volunteers out to reconnoiter. It found the Confederates entrenched on the opposite side of the river along the banks and atop Cameron Hill. Negley brought up 2 artillery batteries to open fire on the Confederate troops and the town and sent infantry to the river bank to act as sharpshooters.
The Union bombardment of Chattanooga continued throughout June 7 and until noon on June 8. The Confederates replied, but it was uncoordinated since the undisciplined gunners were allowed to do as they wished.
On June 10, Smith, who had arrived 2 days earlier, reported that Negley had withdrawn and the Confederate loss was minor. This attack on Chattanooga was a warning that Union troops could mount assaults when they wanted.
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