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This organization comprised the troops occupying the defenses of Washington. It was organized February 2, 1863, with Maj. Gen. S. P. Heintzelman in command. He was succeeded by Maj. Gen. C. C. Augur, who was in command at the time of Maj. Gen. Jubal Early's invasion in July, 1864.
The roster of the corps was continually changing, as the Department was being continually drawn upon for reinforcements for the field, thereby preventing anything like a continuous organization. At one time, the corps was commanded by Maj. Gen. Jno. G. Parke, while among its various division commanders were Gens. Hardin, De Russy and Hascall.